What is the Difference Between Acetic Acid and Ethanoic Acid?

The primary difference between acetic acid and ethanoic acid is that acetic acid is the common name for the compound, while ethanoic acid is the chemical name assigned by IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). Both terms refer to the same chemical compound, which has the chemical formula CH3COOH. Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is a component of the carboxylic acid group and is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical.

Key points about acetic acid and ethanoic acid include:

• Structure: The structural formula for ethanoic acid is CH3COOH, making it the simplest carboxylic acid after methanoic acid.
• Vinegar: Acetic acid is a major component of vinegar, which is a solution of 5-8% ethanoic acid.
• Applications: Acetic acid is primarily used in the production of synthetic polyvinyl acetate for wood glue and ethyl cellulose for film stock. It is also used in various textile printing processes, as a food additive, and in the manufacture of vitamins, antibiotics, hormones, and organic chemicals.
• Concentration: The concentration of acetic acid can vary. While dilute solutions like vinegar are harmless, more concentrated solutions can cause skin burns and eye damage.

Comparative Table: Acetic Acid vs Ethanoic Acid

The key difference between acetic acid and ethanoic acid is that acetic acid is the common name, while ethanoic acid is the chemical name given by IUPAC for the same compound. Both acetic acid and ethanoic acid refer to the same organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COOH. Here is a table summarizing the differences between acetic acid and ethanoic acid:

Despite the differences in their names, acetic acid and ethanoic acid are the same compound and have the same properties. They are both carboxylic acids formed from the fermentation and oxidation of natural carbohydrates.