What is the Difference Between Activity and Fugacity?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚Activity and fugacity are both concepts related to the non-ideal behavior of real gases in thermodynamics. The key difference between them lies in their definitions and the way they are used in chemical calculations.
- Activity refers to the effective concentration of a chemical species under non-ideal conditions. It is a measure of the relative amount of a substance in a mixture, taking into account the non-ideal behavior of real molecules.
- Fugacity, on the other hand, refers to the effective partial pressure of a chemical species under non-ideal conditions. It is a measure of the pressure that a real gas would exert if it were to behave like an ideal gas.
The relationship between activity and fugacity can be given as: activity = fugacity / pressure. In other words, the activity of a substance is equal to its fugacity divided by the pressure it exerts.
In summary, activity is a measure of the effective concentration of real molecules, while fugacity is a measure of the effective partial pressure of real gases. Both concepts are important in chemical thermodynamics for understanding the behavior of real gases under non-ideal conditions.
Comparative Table: Activity vs Fugacity
Activity and fugacity are both concepts related to the behavior of chemical species in a system, but they have distinct meanings and applications. Here is a table summarizing the differences between activity and fugacity:
Property | Activity | Fugacity |
---|---|---|
Definition | Activity refers to the effective concentration of a species in a solution or mixture. | Fugacity refers to the escaping tendency of a species from a solution or mixture. |
Focus | Effective concentration of a chemical species under non-ideal conditions. | Effective partial pressure of a chemical species under non-ideal conditions. |
Context | Used when discussing the effective concentration of a substance in a solution. | Used when discussing the tendency of a substance to escape from a solution or a mixture. |
Relationship | Activity is a dimensionless quantity that depends on factors such as temperature, pressure, and the standard state of the species. | Fugacity is a measure of the difference between the chemical potential of a substance in a system and its chemical potential in a standard state. |
In summary, activity is a measure of the effective concentration of a chemical species in a solution or mixture, while fugacity is a measure of the escaping tendency of a species from a solution or mixture. The choice between these two terms depends on the context in which they are being used.
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