What is the Difference Between Allergic and Nonallergic Rhinitis?

The main difference between allergic and nonallergic rhinitis lies in the triggers that cause the nasal symptoms.

Allergic rhinitis occurs when an allergen, such as pollen or dust, triggers the nasal symptoms. It is characterized by inflammation and irritation of the mucous membrane lining the nose, which can lead to symptoms like nasal obstruction, swelling, and nasal drainage. Allergic rhinitis can be seasonal or perennial, and its symptoms can vary in severity and duration depending on the individual's allergic sensitivity.

On the other hand, nonallergic rhinitis occurs in relation to nonallergic, noninfectious triggers such as changes in the weather, exposure to caustic odors, cigarette smoke, or barometric pressure differences. The symptoms of nonallergic rhinitis are similar to those of allergic rhinitis, but it is not caused by allergies. Nonallergic rhinitis is generally described as chronic nasal symptoms that lack concomitant allergic disease, as determined by negative skin prick test for relevant allergens and/or negative allergen-specific glandular and vascular pathways.

In summary, the main differences between allergic and nonallergic rhinitis are:

Allergic rhinitis is triggered by allergens, while nonallergic rhinitis is triggered by nonallergic, noninfectious factors.
Allergic rhinitis is associated with allergic sensitivity, whereas nonallergic rhinitis is not.
The treatment and management of each type of rhinitis may vary depending on the individual's specific symptoms and triggers.

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What is the Difference Between Allergic and Nonallergic Rhinitis?

Comparative Table: Allergic vs Nonallergic Rhinitis

Here is a table comparing the differences between allergic and nonallergic rhinitis:

Feature	Allergic Rhinitis	Nonallergic Rhinitis
Definition	Occurs when an allergen triggers nasal symptoms.	Occurs when nonallergic, noninfectious triggers cause chronic nasal symptoms such as obstruction and rhinorrhea.
Onset of Symptoms	Usually early in life.	Symptoms usually occur after the age of 20.
Triggers	Allergens, such as pollen, mold, or pet dander.	Nonallergic triggers, such as weather changes, exposure to irritants like cigarette smoke, or barometric pressure differences.
Symptoms	Sneezing, nasal itching, rhinorrhea, and congestion.	Nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, and congestion.
Diagnostic Tests	Skin prick test, blood tests for allergen-specific IgE antibodies, or nasal provocation testing.	Nasal provocation testing, nasal cytology (e.g., blown secretions), and evaluation of nasal symptoms.
Treatment	Avoiding allergens, taking medications like antihistamines or intranasal corticosteroids, and immunotherapy (allergy shots).	Medications like antihistamines, decongestants, or nasal corticosteroids, and addressing potential contributing factors.

Please note that the symptoms and treatment options may vary depending on the individual and the specific cause of their rhinitis. It is essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plan.

Guilherme Mazui

Guilherme Mazui is graduated in journalism from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and a master's degree in Communication from the University of São Paulo (USP). In addition, he has experience in advertising writing and has worked as a content editor in several companies.