What is the Difference Between Allozyme Isozyme and Isoform?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚The terms allozyme, isozyme, and isoform refer to different types of enzyme variants and protein forms. Here are the main differences between them:
- Allozyme:
- Different forms of an enzyme coded by different alleles at the same locus.
- Carry out the same function.
- Differ in amino acid sequence.
- Frequently used to map closely related species in different groups, including plants and animals.
- Isozyme:
- Variants of an enzyme coded by different genes present in different loci.
- Catalyze the same chemical reaction.
- Differ in amino acid sequence.
- Used as molecular markers in population genetics.
- Isoform:
- Various forms of proteins arising from modifications.
- Not specifically focused on enzyme variants.
- A group of proteins with different forms and functions, but originating from a single gene.
- Related to diverse cellular conditions and locations.
Both allozymes and isozymes are enzyme variants that help determine genetic differences and relationships in biological diversity. They both catalyze chemical reactions and have slightly different amino acid sequences. However, allozymes are coded by different alleles at the same locus, while isozymes are coded by different genes located at different loci. Isoforms, on the other hand, are a broader category of proteins with different forms and functions, originating from a single gene.
Comparative Table: Allozyme Isozyme vs Isoform
Here is a table comparing the differences between allozymes, isozymes, and isoforms:
Aspect | Allozymes | Isozymes | Isoforms |
---|---|---|---|
Definition | Different forms of enzymes arising from genetic variations within the same gene | Different forms of enzymes resulting from the expression of different genes | Various forms of proteins arising from modifications |
Genetic Basis | Variations in the DNA sequence of a single gene | Expression of multiple genes encoding similar enzymes | Post-transcriptional modification of the same gene |
Variation | Arise from alleles of a single gene | Arise from different genes with similar functions | Forms of proteins that carry out similar or different functions depending on their origin |
Function | Catalyze chemical reactions | Catalyze chemical reactions | Carry out various functions, depending on their origin |
Origin | Result from genetic variations within one gene | Arise when different genes that encode similar enzymes are expressed | Result from post-transcriptional modifications |
Allozymes and isozymes are enzyme variants, while isoforms are a group of proteins. All three determine genetic differences and the relationship in biological diversity within populations.
- Allozymes vs Isozymes
- Isomerase vs Mutase Enzyme
- Holoenzyme vs Apoenzyme
- Allosteric vs Non-allosteric Enzymes
- Isotype Allotype vs Idiotype
- Allotrope vs Isomer
- Allele vs Genotype
- Isotopes vs Isomers
- Allotropes vs Isotopes
- Alpha-Amylase vs Alpha-Glucosidase
- Alpha Beta vs Gamma Amylase
- Exoenzyme vs Endoenzyme
- Amylase vs Amylose
- Enzyme vs Protein
- Enzyme vs Coenzyme
- Autosomes vs Allosomes
- Enzyme vs Hormone
- Isostructural vs Isomorphous
- Gene vs Allele