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Guilherme Mazui

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What is the Difference Between Copper and Hormonal IUD?

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The main difference between copper and hormonal IUDs lies in their mechanism of action and the type of contraception they provide. Here are the key differences:

  1. Mechanism of action:
  • Copper IUD: The copper IUD, such as Paragard, uses copper to create a toxic reaction for sperm, preventing them from reaching an egg and stopping an egg from implanting itself. It does not use hormones.
  • Hormonal IUD: The hormonal IUD releases a hormone called progestin, which thickens cervical mucus, keeping sperm out and sometimes stopping ovulation.
  1. Hormones:
  • Copper IUD: The copper IUD does not contain any hormones, making it a suitable option for those who prefer non-hormonal birth control.
  • Hormonal IUD: The hormonal IUD contains hormones similar to the progesterone hormone that our bodies produce.
  1. Effectiveness: Both copper and hormonal IUDs are highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with copper IUDs being 99.2% effective and hormonal IUDs being 99.8% effective.
  2. Duration: Copper IUDs can last up to 10 years, while hormonal IUDs have varying durations depending on the specific type.
  3. Side effects:
  • Copper IUD: Some people may experience heavier or more extended periods and more intense cramps, especially during the first few months. However, these side effects may improve over time.
  • Hormonal IUD: Some people may experience lighter periods, reduced cramps, and even a complete absence of periods. Hormonal IUDs can also cause side effects such as acne, which are usually temporary and may subside after the first six months.

The choice between a copper and hormonal IUD will depend on individual preferences, medical history, and desired side effects. It is essential to discuss these options with a healthcare provider to determine the most suitable option for each person.

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  • What is the Difference Between Copper and Hormonal IUD?
  • Comparative Table: Copper vs Hormonal IUD

    • Comparative Table: Copper vs Hormonal IUD

    Here is a table comparing the differences between copper and hormonal IUDs:

    Feature Copper IUD (e.g., ParaGard) Hormonal IUD (e.g., Mirena)
    Device Description T-shaped polyethylene frame with approximately 176 mg of copper wire coiled along the vertical stem and a 68.7 mg collar on each side T-shaped plastic frame with a steroid reservoir containing 52 mg of levonorgestrel (LNG); releases approximately 20 mcg per day, decreasing to 10 mcg after 5 years
    Duration of Approved Use 10 years 5 years
    Efficacy >99% >99%
    Size of Device 32mm x 36mm 32mm x 32mm
    Benefits - Long-term reversible method as effective as sterilization
    - No long-term fertility effects
    - Can be used as emergency contraception
    - Contains no hormones
    - May reduce period cramps and make menstrual period lighter    		 - Regular menstrual bleeding decreases, but irregular bleeding and spotting may continue
    Side Effects Menstrual bleeding changes (heavier and longer periods); cramping after insertion and/or during periods Menstrual bleeding changes (spotting, lighter or absence of periods); cramping after insertion; abdominal or pelvic pain; benign ovarian cysts; headache or migraine; increased vaginal discharge

    Copper IUDs are hormone-free and primarily work by using the natural properties of copper to create a hostile environment for sperm, preventing fertilization and implantation. Hormonal IUDs release a hormone called progestin, which thickens cervical mucus, preventing sperm from reaching an egg and potentially stopping ovulation. While both types of IUDs are highly effective at preventing pregnancy, they have different ways of doing their jobs and come with different benefits and side effects.

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    Guilherme Mazui

    Guilherme Mazui is graduated in journalism from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and a master's degree in Communication from the University of São Paulo (USP). In addition, he has experience in advertising writing and has worked as a content editor in several companies.