What is the Difference Between Microarray and Next Generation Sequencing?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚Microarray and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) are two advanced DNA sequencing techniques used in genetic research. They have some similarities and differences, which are outlined below:
Similarities:
- Both techniques are developed using array-based sequencing.
Differences:
- Technique: Microarrays are based on hybridization and contain a set of known targets, while NGS, also known as high-throughput sequencing, uses synthesis methods that utilize DNA polymerase to incorporate nucleotides.
- Ease of Use: Microarrays are generally considered easier to use with less complicated and less labor-intensive sample preparation than NGS.
- Discovery: Microarrays have potential for Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS), but since the genetic targets on a microarray are pre-selected, new gene variants cannot be discovered. NGS, on the other hand, allows for the identification of previously unknown sequences.
- Resolution: NGS has the potential to offer even higher resolution and a more comprehensive view of the genome, but it comes at a substantially higher price due to the greater sequencing depth required.
- Applications: Microarrays are mainly used for measuring gene expression levels and detecting chromosomal abnormalities, while NGS is used for a wide range of applications, including whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing.
In summary, microarrays and NGS are both powerful tools in genetic research, but they serve different purposes and have varying levels of complexity. Researchers must carefully weigh their options when choosing between these techniques based on their specific research needs and requirements.
Comparative Table: Microarray vs Next Generation Sequencing
Here is a table comparing the differences between Microarray and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS):
| Feature | Microarray | Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) |
|---|---|---|
| Technique | Hybridization | Synthesis (incorporation of nucleotides) |
| Target | Pre-selected genetic targets | All genetic targets, including unknown sequences |
| Limitations | Limited to pre-selected genetic targets, unsuitable for discovering new gene variants | Suitable for discovering new gene variants |
| Speed | Slower response to the latest discoveries in genetics, requires designing initial screening arrays followed by smaller arrays for routine use | Faster and more efficient, can be used for large-scale genomic analysis |
| Cost | High costs and long timelines | Lower costs and faster turnaround times |
| Application | Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) | Wide range of applications, including whole-genome sequencing, RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, and more |
In summary, microarrays are based on hybridization and are limited to pre-selected genetic targets, making them unsuitable for discovering new gene variants. On the other hand, NGS is based on synthesis and can analyze all genetic targets, including unknown sequences. NGS is faster, more efficient, and has a broader range of applications compared to microarrays.
- Microarray vs RNA Sequencing
- Shotgun Sequencing vs Next Generation Sequencing
- Gene Mapping vs Gene Sequencing
- DNA vs Protein Microarray
- Genotyping vs Sequencing
- NGS vs Sanger Sequencing
- Nanopore vs Illumina Sequencing
- Whole Genome Sequencing vs Exome Sequencing
- Exome vs RNA Sequencing
- Gene Sequencing vs DNA Fingerprinting
- PCR vs DNA Sequencing
- NGS vs WGS
- Hierarchical vs Whole Genome Shotgun Sequencing
- DNA Profiling vs DNA Sequencing
- Genetics vs Genomics
- Metagenomics vs Metatranscriptomics
- Genomics vs Proteomics
- Clone by Clone Sequencing vs Shotgun Sequencing
- cDNA vs Genomic Library