What is the Difference Between Micronucleus and Macronucleus?

Ciliates, a group of protozoan organisms, possess two types of nuclei: the micronucleus and the macronucleus. The main differences between these two nuclei are:

1. Size: The micronucleus is smaller, while the macronucleus is larger.
2. Genome: The micronucleus contains a diploid genome, whereas the macronucleus has a polyploid genome.
3. Function: The micronucleus is involved in reproductive functions, while the macronucleus is associated with cell metabolism and protein synthesis.
4. DNA Content: The micronucleus contains a small amount of DNA, whereas the macronucleus contains a large amount of DNA.

During sexual reproduction, ciliates exchange haploid micronuclei, and a new macronucleus develops. The micronucleus serves as the germ line nucleus but does not express its genes, while the macronucleus provides the nuclear RNA for vegetative growth.

Comparative Table: Micronucleus vs Macronucleus

The key difference between micronucleus and macronucleus is their size, function, and genetic content. Here is a table summarizing their differences:

• Micronucleus is the smaller nucleus and is responsible for the reproduction of ciliate protozoans.
• Macronucleus is the larger nucleus and is associated with functions such as cell metabolism and protein synthesis.
• Micronucleus contains a diploid genome, whereas the macronucleus contains a polyploid genome.
• Micronucleus has a smaller amount of DNA compared to the macronucleus.