What is the Difference Between Ortho and Para Nitrophenol?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚The main difference between ortho and para nitrophenol lies in the positions of the -OH and -NO2 groups in the benzene ring and the symmetry of the molecules:
- Ortho Nitrophenol: The -OH group and the -NO2 group are attached to adjacent/neighboring carbon atoms in the benzene ring. This results in a lack of symmetry in the molecule, leading to weaker peaks of various bonding in the infrared spectroscopy. Ortho nitrophenol exhibits intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
- Para Nitrophenol: The -OH group and the -NO2 group are attached to the 1st and 4th positions of the benzene ring, respectively. This arrangement results in a symmetric molecule, which leads to stronger and sharper peaks in the infrared spectroscopy. Para nitrophenol undergoes intermolecular hydrogen bonding and exists as associated molecules.
In summary, the key difference between ortho and para nitrophenol is the position of the -OH and -NO2 groups in the benzene ring and the symmetry of the molecules, which affects their hydrogen bonding and infrared spectroscopy properties.
Comparative Table: Ortho vs Para Nitrophenol
The main difference between ortho and para nitrophenol lies in the position of the hydroxyl (-OH) and nitro (-NO2) groups attached to the benzene ring. Here is a comparison table highlighting the differences:
Property | Ortho Nitrophenol | Para Nitrophenol |
---|---|---|
Position of -OH group | Attached to the 1st carbon atom of the benzene ring | Attached to the 4th carbon atom of the benzene ring |
Position of -NO2 group | Attached to the 2nd carbon atom of the benzene ring | Attached to the 5th carbon atom of the benzene ring |
Symmetry | Molecules do not have a symmetry axis | Molecules have a symmetry axis |
Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding | Comparatively fewer intermolecular hydrogen bonds in its solution | More intermolecular hydrogen bonds in its solution |
Steam Volatility | Steam volatile | Not steam volatile |
Boiling Point | Lower boiling point due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding | Higher boiling point due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding |
Both ortho and para nitrophenol are isomers of nitrophenol, an organic compound with a benzene ring attached to a -OH group and a -NO2 group. They are more acidic than phenols and can form conjugate bases called nitrophenolates.
- Ortho Nitrophenol vs Para Nitrophenol
- Ortho vs Para Hydrogen
- Phenol vs Nonylphenol
- Ortho Pyro vs Meta Phosphoric Acid
- Ortho Para vs Meta Substitution
- Cyclohexanol vs Phenol
- Nitrobenzene vs Aniline
- Phenol vs Phenyl
- Formaldehyde vs Paraformaldehyde
- Benzene vs Phenol
- Cresol vs Phenol
- Formalin vs Paraformaldehyde
- Nitrogen Monoxide vs Dinitrogen Pentoxide
- Alkyl Nitrite vs Nitro Alkane
- Orthophosphoric Acid vs Phosphoric Acid
- Dettol vs Phenol
- Sodium Nitrate vs Sodium Nitrite
- Nitromethane vs Methyl Nitrite
- Alpha vs Beta Naphthol