What is the Difference Between Progesterone and Estrogen?

Estrogen and progesterone are both critical hormones that play important roles in regulating the development and functioning of the uterus, menstrual cycle, and pregnancy. They are both steroid hormones and are crucial for the menstrual cycle and maintenance of pregnancy in females. However, they have distinct roles and functions:

Estrogen:

• Regulates the menstrual cycle.
• Secreted by ovaries prior to ovulation.
• Controlled by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
• Responsible for inducing enlargement of breasts and uterus during pregnancy.
• Stimulates the production of breast milk.
• Controls the development of glandular ducts and fatty deposition in breasts.

Progesterone:

• Supports pregnancy.
• Secreted by ovaries after ovulation.
• Controlled by luteinizing hormone (LH).
• Responsible for reducing contractility of the uterus, stimulating the growth of mammary glands, and inducing the growth of decidual cells during pregnancy.
• Produced in the adrenal glands and plays a role in the maturation of sperm and the production of breast milk.
• Prepared the breasts for milk production.

During pregnancy, estrogen and progesterone work together and are responsible for the changes that take place. It is essential to maintain a proper balance of these hormones for optimal health and wellbeing. Imbalances in estrogen and progesterone levels can cause menstrual cycle disruptions, mood changes, hot flashes, and infertility.

Comparative Table: Progesterone vs Estrogen

Here is a table summarizing the differences between progesterone and estrogen:

Both estrogen and progesterone are important for female sexual development, menstruation, and pregnancy. They also play roles in various other systems in the body, including brain function, bone health, and heart health. However, they have distinct functions and effects on the body, as shown in the table above.