What is the Difference Between Sugar and Sugar Alcohol?

Sugar and sugar alcohol share some similarities, but they also have key differences. Here are the main differences between the two:

1. Calories: Sugar alcohols contain fewer calories (1.5-3 calories per gram) than regular sugar (4 calories per gram). This makes them a popular alternative for those looking to reduce their caloric intake.
2. Chemical Structure: Sugar alcohols, also known as polyols, are carbohydrates with a chemical structure that resembles both sugar and alcohol. They occur naturally in foods and come from plant products such as fruits and berries.
3. Digestibility: Sugar alcohols are not as easily absorbed by the body as regular sugar, which means they have a less significant effect on blood sugar levels. This makes them a suitable alternative for individuals with diabetes or those looking to manage their blood sugar levels.
4. Tooth Decay: Sugar alcohols do not cause tooth decay like regular sugar does. This is because they are not fermented by the bacteria in the mouth, which prevents the production of acid that can damage tooth enamel.
5. Sweetness: Sugar alcohols are generally less sweet than regular sugar. Some common sugar alcohols include xylitol, erythritol, sorbitol, and maltitol.

While sugar alcohols offer some advantages over regular sugar, they can cause digestive issues such as gas, bloating, or diarrhea if consumed in large amounts. Additionally, it is essential to remember that sugar alcohols are still processed and artificial, and their long-term effects on health are not entirely understood.

Comparative Table: Sugar vs Sugar Alcohol

Sugar and sugar alcohols are both types of carbohydrates, but they have different chemical structures, sweetness levels, calorie content, and effects on digestion and blood sugar levels. Here is a table comparing the differences between sugar and sugar alcohol:

Examples of sugar alcohols include xylitol, erythritol, sorbitol, maltitol, mannitol, isomalt, and lactitol. While sugar alcohols may have fewer calories and less of an effect on blood sugar levels, they are highly processed and can cause digestive issues.