What is the Difference Between Vertical and Horizontal Resistance?
🆚 Go to Comparative Table 🆚Vertical and horizontal resistance are two types of genetic resistance mechanisms in plants that protect against pathogens. The main differences between them are:
- Controlled by: Vertical resistance is controlled by a single gene or few genes, while horizontal resistance is controlled by many genes.
- Specific or non-specific: Vertical resistance is specific, meaning it offers protection against a particular pathogen, whereas horizontal resistance is non-specific and provides broad-spectrum protection against multiple pathogens.
- Inheritance: Vertical resistance is inherited as a dominant trait, while horizontal resistance is considered a complex trait that involves multiple genes and their interactions.
- Stability: Vertical resistance can be more unstable compared to horizontal resistance, as single genes can be easier for pathogens to overcome. Horizontal resistance, on the other hand, is generally more stable and durable, as it involves multiple genes that confer resistance.
- Environmental influence: Vertical resistance is not influenced by the environment, while horizontal resistance can be influenced by environmental factors.
In summary, vertical resistance is a specific, single-gene-controlled mechanism that offers protection against a particular pathogen, while horizontal resistance is a non-specific, multiple-gene-controlled mechanism that provides broad-spectrum protection against various pathogens. Horizontal resistance is generally considered more stable and durable compared to vertical resistance.
Comparative Table: Vertical vs Horizontal Resistance
The difference between vertical and horizontal resistance can be summarized in the following table:
Vertical Resistance | Horizontal Resistance |
---|---|
Controlled by a single gene | Controlled by multiple genes |
Race-specific, resistance to some pathogen isolates and not to others | Non-race-specific, resistance to a broader range of pathogens |
Relatively unstable and easy to overcome | Stable and highly durable |
Plants with vertical resistance may be susceptible to other pathogens | Plants with horizontal resistance are generally more resistant to multiple pathogens |
Vertical resistance is the resistance of plants against pathogens that is controlled by a single gene, making it race-specific and relatively unstable. On the other hand, horizontal resistance is the resistance of plants against pathogens that is controlled by many genes, making it non-race-specific, stable, and highly durable.
- Horizontal vs Vertical Mobility
- Horizontal vs Vertical Analysis
- Resistance vs Resistivity
- Resistance vs Resistor
- Equivalent Resistance vs Effective Resistance
- Resistance vs Reactance
- Vertical vs Horizontal Integration
- Impedance vs Resistance
- Resistance vs Capacitance
- Vertical vs Horizontal Gene Transfer
- Systemic Acquired Resistance vs Induced Systemic Resistance
- Horizontal vs Vertical Gel Electrophoresis
- Multidrug Resistance vs Cross Resistance
- Height vs Width
- Force vs Pressure
- Static vs Sliding Friction
- Breadth vs Width
- Potential Difference vs Voltage
- Compression vs Tension